The city is unique in that its main street, Highway 31-W, is the dividing
line between Robertson and Sumner counties. The White House population continues
to grow as new residents move to the area and the city continues to offer
its services to citizens on both sides of the county line. Citizens take
pride in the White House Inn and Library. The facility was completed in 1986
as part of a statewide celebration of Tennessee history.
White House is considered a bedroom community of Nashville. Residents can
enjoy the pleasures and conveniences of Nashville, but retreat to the country
and really appreciate the benefits of living in a small, quiet and peaceful
Tennessee town. Although White House has formally been recognized as a city
for a little more than thirty years, this town has a rich, 200 year history.
The first recorded explorations of the present -day community of White House
were in the 1790's when hunters, trappers, and surveyors found a trail that
had reportedly been made by buffalo seeking salt springs, and Native Americans
seeking hunting grounds. One such pioneer was Richard Wilks. In 1796, Wilks
took advantage of a pre-emption law which offered 360 acres of land to those
who would establish permanent settlements in Middle Tennessee. He constructed
a large, white, two story house on a portion of this land, through which
happened to run a part of the old buffalo and Indian trail. White was a particularly
rare hue to appear on a house at the time, especially in the underdeveloped
land between Louisville and Nashville.
As development of the
Middle Tennessee - Southern Kentucky area progressed and a definite travel
route was established between the growing cities
of Nashville and Louisville, Wilks' home, conveniently located adjacent
to the
travel route, was converted into an inn. Stagecoach travel became more
frequent and drivers, most familiar with the house as a convenient stop
for changing
horses, began to tell travelers that they might find lodging at "The
White House Inn".
The popularity of "The White House" grew and soon the name was
applied to the small community surrounding this landmark. During the first
half of the 1800's, there was a marked increase in travel along what had
become known as the Louisville and Nashville (L&N) Pike. Many troops
used the Pike during the Civil War.
Famous residents of
the White House were Jenny Lind, "The Swedish Nightingale",
and her tour manager, P.T. Barnum. The two traveled the L&N Pike and
spent a night at the White House during her American tour in the 1850's.
P.T. Barnum is of course famous for coining the phrase "There's a
sucker born every minute."
The White House, which
was sold by Richard Wilks in the late 1870's eventually became Tom Covington's
residence. Covington moved his family into the dwelling
around the beginning of 1892, maintaining its function as a haven for weary
travelers, whose numbers were steadily increasing. Under Covington's ownership,
the White House underwent extensive renovation, including the addition
of the two porches and a "drummer's room", a reflection of the changing
tide of travelers. "Drummers" were traveling salesmen who would
spend the night at the White House and them peddle their wares to the community.(2)
By this time, the L&N Railway was also well established and White House
saw new growth, both commercially and residentially, due to this progress.
White House has completed part of its greenway, which eventually will provide
a paved trail for walking, running or bicycling connecting the city's park,
schools and downtown area. The first 1.6 miles of the greenway has three
trailheads for parking, at Highway 76, Highway 31W and Tyree Springs Road
at White House High School. Named the Andrew Jackson, James K. Polk and Tyree
trail heads, they celebrate the city's history. When all five phases are
complete, the greenway will circle the city.
A city park, on Highway 76, also offers a variety of family activities including
a playground for children.
Although the monument
for which the town was named was torn down in 1951 to make was for new
development, this small community has maintained it's
identity as a calm haven for those in transit between cities. In 1986,
the community undertook the construction of a replica of this Grand Old
Building,
which is now located on Highway 76 near the White House Fire Department.
The "Inn" is now home to the Public Library, part of the Warioto
Regional Library Service. The second floor houses a museum of artifacts,
depicting life in early White House. Exhibited are early tools, furniture,
photographs and historic documents.